1. Catalysis: basic concepts
1.1. The relevance of catalysis
1.2. Catalyst classification
1.3. The catalytic cycle
1.4. Properties of the catalysts
1.5. Homogeneous catalysis
1.5.1. Acid-base catalysis
1.5.2. Transition-metal catalysis
1.5.3. Organocatalysis
1.5.4. Biocatalysis
1.6. Heterogeneous catalysis
1.7. The green and sustainable chemistry concepts
2. Homogeneous catalysis by transition metals
2.1. Basic concepts in organometallic chemistry
2.1.1. The 18 electron rule
2.1.2. Common organometallic ligands
2.1.3. Isolobal analogy
2.2. Fundamental organometallic reaction steps
2.2.1. Oxidative addition
2.2.2. Reductive elimination
2.2.3. Migratory insertion and beta-elimination
2.2.4. Ligand substitution reactions
2.3. Selected examples
3. Heterogeneous catalysis
3.1. Types of catalysts and porosity
3.2. Acid-base and metal reaction centers at the surface
3.3. Heterogeneous catalytic cycles: basic concepts
3.4. Selected examples
4. Important organometallic-catalyzed reactions (fundamentals, examples, enantioselective versions)
4.1. Hydrogenation of olefins
4.2. Hydroformilation of olefins and Fischer Tropsch Synthesis
4.3. Metathesis
4.4. Oligomerization and polimerization of olefins
4.5. C-C coupling reactions
4.6. C-heteroatom coupling reactions
4.7. Cycloaddition reactions
5. State-of-the-art strategies for transition metal-catalyzed bond forming processes: Carbon-carbon bond-forming reactions
5.1 Functionalization of C-H substrates. 5.2 DirectingGroups: Ortho and meta C-H functionalization 5.3 TM-catalyzed Direct Arylation of Arenes with aryl-halides 5.4 TM-catalyzed Double arene C-H activation 5.5 Functionalization of C-F substrates.
6. Carbon-heteroatom bond-forming reactions. 6.1. C-N, C-O, C-S cross coupling reactions: Buchwald-Hartwig (Pd) and Ullmann-type (Cu). Examples and Mechanisms. 6.2 C-H functionalization. Pd(II)/Pd(IV) redox cycles versus dinuclear-Pd(III) for C-Heteroatom bond formation 6.3 Cycloadditions 6.4 Aryl, Alkenyl and Alkyl Fluorination (Pd, Ag, Au, Cu)
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Avaluació única:
An exam to evaluate the understanding of the most relevant concepts in the course by means of questions of both the theoretical foundations and practical application. This exam can be retaken. The student must get a minimum mark of 5.0
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A minimum mark of 4.0 for each evaluation activity and an overall minimum mark of 5.0 are required to pass the subject.