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Dades generals

Curs acadèmic:
2023
Descripció:
També coneguda com Anatomia del Moviment, l'assignatura de Biomecànica aborda els principis físics de la Mecànica aplicats al sistema múscul-esquelètic i funcional de l'ésser humà. Lleis de la cinètica i cinemàtica per descriure el moviment humà. Biomecànica de les principals articulacions involucrades en la marxa humana. Avenços tecnològics utilitzats per a l'estudi de les habilitats i patrons de la motricitat humana.
Crèdits ECTS:
6

Grups

Grup A

Durada:
Semestral, 1r semestre
Professorat:
Joaquim Lluis Chaler Vilaseca
Idioma de les classes:
Anglès (100%)

Competències

  • Comunicar-se de mode efectiu i clar
  • Tenir la capacitat d'aprenentatge autònom
  • Resoldre problemes
  • Tenir capacitat de gestió d'informació
  • Aprendre a aprendre (aprendre de manera autònoma, actualitzar-se i poder aprofundir en coneixements permanentment)
  • Resoldre problemes complexos de forma efectiva en el camp de la Fisioteràpia.
  • Aplicar pensament crític, lògic i creatiu, mostrant dots d'innovació.
  • Conèixer i comprendre els mètodes, procediments i actuacions fisioterapèutiques, encaminats tant a la terapèutica pròpiament dita a aplicar a la clínica per a la reeducació o recuperació funcional, com a la realització d'activitats dirigides a la promoció i manteniment de la salut
  • Adquirir l'experiència clínica adequada que proporcioni habilitats intel·lectuals i destreses tècniques i manuals; que facilitin la incorporació de valors ètics i professionals; i que desenvolupi la capacitat d'integració dels coneixements adquirits, de manera que, al final dels estudis, els estudiants sàpiguen aplicar-los tant a casos clínics concrets en el medi hospitalari i extrahospitalari, com a actuacions en l'atenció primària i comunitària.
  • Entendre els fonaments, estructures i funcions de les habilitats i patrons de la motricitat humana

Continguts

1. Introduction (2h) (1/2 session) 1.1. Clinical biomechanics and kinesiology. History, basic concepts and philosophy of the subject (1h.). 1.2. Functional evaluation. Reliability, validity and their measurement in clinical practice (1h.).

2. Basic concepts (1 1/2 sessions) 2.1. Static RoM evaluation, goniometry and electrogoniometers. 2.2. Strength evaluation and dynamometry. 2.3. Basics on motion analysis. Kinetics and Kinematics. 2.4. Motion analysis principles. Systems and biomechanical models 2.5. Muscle activation evaluation. Surface EMG principles. Signal processing. 2.6. Balance and proprioception evaluation. Principles of posturography and stabilometry. Force platforms.

3. Single joint/regional biomechanic deficit evaluation (8 sessions) 3.1. Cervical spine 3.1.1. Basic kinematics 3.1.2. Clinical biomechanics 3.1.3. Assessment methods 3.1.4. Case/research article discussion 3.2. Lumbar spine and pelvic girdle 3.2.1. Basic kinematics 3.2.2. Clinical biomechanics 3.2.3. Assessment methods 3.2.4. Case/research article discussion 3.3. Shoulder 3.3.1. Basic kinematics 3.3.2. Clinical biomechanics 3.3.3. Assessment methods 3.3.4. Case/research article discussion 3.4. Elbow, forearm and hand 3.4.1. Basic kinematics 3.4.2. Clinical biomechanics 3.4.3. Assessment methods 3.4.4. Case/research article discussion 3.5. Hip 3.5.1. Basic kinematics 3.5.2. Clinical biomechanics 3.5.3. Assessment methods 3.5.4. Case/research article discussion 3.6. Knee 3.6.1. Basic kinematics 3.6.2. Clinical biomechanics 3.6.3. Assessment methods 3.6.4. Case/research article discussion 3.7. Ankle and foot 3.7.1. Basic kinematics 3.7.2. Clinical biomechanics 3.7.3. Assessment methods 3.7.4. Case/research article discussion

4. General functional/multilevel disturbance/performance evaluation (3 sessions) 4.1. Gait disturbances 4.1.1. Basic kinematics 4.1.2. Clinical biomechanics 4.1.3. Assessment methods 4.1.4. Case/research article discussion 4.2. Balance and proprioception disturbances 4.2.1. Basic kinematics 4.2.2. Clinical biomechanics 4.2.3. Assessment methods 4.2.4. Case/research article discussion 4.3. Sports/work activities performance (jumping, cutting, throwing, pulling, pushing, lifting) 4.3.1. Basic kinematics 4.3.2. Clinical biomechanics 4.3.3. Assessment methods 4.3.4. Case/research article discussion

5. Practical sessions (1 session) General biomechanics lab (Hospital Egarsat. Av. Tibidabo, 20. Barcelona). Anna Maiques and Mireia Cano. Dynamometry Stabilometry 3D movement analysis Surface EMG

Activitats

Tipus d’activitat Hores amb professor Hores sense professor Hores virtuals amb professor Total
Anàlisi / estudi de casos 6,00 30,00 0 36,00
Elaboració individual de treballs 4,00 20,00 0 24,00
Prova d'avaluació 4,00 20,00 0 24,00
Sessió expositiva 58,00 0 0 58,00
Sessió pràctica 8,00 0 0 8,00
Total 80,00 70,00 0 150

Bibliografia

  • Janice Loudon, Robert Manske, Michael Reiman (2013). Clinical Mechanics and Kinesiology. Human Kinetics.
  • David J. Magee, James E. Zachazewski, William S. Quillen, Robert C. Manske (2016). Pathology and Intervention in Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation (2nd edition). Elsevier.
  • William E. Prentice (2010). Rehabilitation Techniques in Sports Medicine 5th edition. McGraw-Hill Higher Education.
  • James R. Gage, Michael H. Schwartz, Steven E. Koop, Tom F. Novacheck (2009). The Identification and Treatment of Gait Problems in Cerebral Palsy (2nd ed). Mac Keith Press.

Avaluació i qualificació

Activitats d'avaluació:

Descripció de l'activitat Avaluació de l'activitat % Recuperable
Midterm exam 1 Includes introduction and spine biomechanics. Students reaching a grade lower than 5.0 will have the opportunity of repeat the full subject exam at the final exam. Students reaching a grade above 5.0 could repeat the exam at final to raise the grade. Note that a grade below 4.5 in any of the midterm exams will not allow to pass the subject. 24
Midterm exam 2 The exam includes regional biomechanics except spine (shoulder, elbow/hand, hip, knee, foot/ankle).Students reaching a grade lower than 5.0 will have the opportunity of repeat the full subject exam at the final exam. Students reaching a grade above 5.0 could repeat the exam at final to raise the grade. Note that a grade below 4.5 in any of the midterm exams will not allow to pass the subject. 24
Final exam This exam comprises regional biomechanics lessons (gait, balance, sports-work activity) for those students reaching 5.0 or above in previous exams and not willing to raise their grade. Those students not reaching 4.5 in one or two previous exams will need to take them again to pass the subject. Thus, for some students this exam will represent only 12% of the final grade, for other 36% and for those taking the whole subject exam, this one will represent the maximal rate: 60%. Note that a grade of the third section (gait, balance, sports-work activity) below 4.5 will not allow to pass the subject in any case. 12 No
Practical session case /research presentation Students will be randomly assigned to groups. The groups will be responsible for discussing clinical cases at the end of every specific area teaching sessions (i.e. cervical spine…) by searching three research articles (preferably in the past 5 years) in each of the following areas: normal biomechanics/kinesiology, abnormal biomechanics/kinesiology, evaluation methods. These articles must be selected from Medline/ Thomson Reuters Journal Citation Reports indexed journals and specifically relate to muscle performance, kinesiology, or biomechanics and assessment of that area. A one-page typed synopsis of the article on each section will be due by each group at the end of the respective teaching segments 25 No
Practical session:
Attendance / participation /attitude
Constructive/active participation in the practical class.
Deliver completed occasional quizzes/questions at the end of the practical session.
No more than 3 unexcused absences of practical sessions.
15 No

Qualificació

Grading scale:
(it follows University guidelines)
grade<50%, or <5 implies not passing the subject.
Rounding up does not apply.

Case/research presentation grading specific criteria:
Content 50%.
Adjusting the time given (10’ for speech) 25%.
Adjusting to the written style described at Article Synopsis Writing Guideline below 25%.

Criteris específics de la nota «No Presentat»:
Not presented students are those not showing up at the exams and those not delivering the compulsory assignments.

Avaluació única:
The evaluation system in EUSES - UdG is based, in general, in the continuous assessment. If the student wishes to take part in the unique pathway, he / she will need to request it in writing to the lecturer of the subject and the degree coordinator during the first two weeks of the Semester.
Those students adopting unique pathway will be graded by the final exam which in this particular case will consist not only on multiple choice questions but two additional open questions.
The final exam will comprise 100% of the final grade.

Requisits mínims per aprovar:
A minimum grade of 5.0 will be required to pass the subject.
Those students in continuous evaluation should reach a minimal grade of 4.5 in any midterm or final exam to pass the subject. In other words, those students with a midterm exam grade below 4.5 will not pass the exam.

Tutoria

Tutorials will be performed either in specific rooms or through video-conference.

Comunicacio i interacció amb l'estudiantat

Communication and interaction with the students will be done in person and virtually throughout the forum of Moodle, video-conferencing means and email.

Observacions

Learning outcomes:

- Knowing the principles and theories of physical agents and their applications in Physiotherapy.
- Knowing the principles of biomechanics and electrophysiology and its main applications in the field of Physiotherapy.
- Knowing the physiotherapy of diseases by identifying the manifestations appearing throughout the process, as well as the fundamental medical-surgical treatments in their physiotherapeutic and orthopedic aspects.
- Identifying the changes produced as a consequence of Physiotherapy.


Communication with students in COVID-19 crises
Scenario I. In person: the tutorials will be carried out in person in enabled classrooms. Communication and interaction with the students will be in person, and the Moodle fórum and email will be used in addition. Scenario IV. Confinement: Tutorials will be virtually conducted. Communication and interaction with the students will take place virtually, through the forum of Moodle, video-conferencing means and email.

Attendance policy
Attendance will be solely controlled in the practical sessions (including those performed at the biomechanics lab in Egarsat or the facilities in Bellvitge campus) and may be tracked through responses to quick quizzes during the class. No more than 3 unexcused absences will be accepted during the semester.

Cell phone policy
Cell phone use during class can be disruptive. All students will be asked to put cell phones on vibrate mode or turn them off during class times. Cell phones should be placed in your purse or backpack. Each incident in which a cell phone rings aloud or is otherwise disruptive to class will result in a 1% grade penalty.

Notice
The student is responsible for reading this syllabus. If the requirements for this course are not understood, the student must notify the instructor in writing within 1 week after receipt of this syllabus.


Annex. Article Synopsis Writing Guideline

Use the same order as in the article itself.
Adjust the length accordingly to fit in a single page (DIN A4, double space, 12-point Font) and main purpose / message of the summary. The following sections should be included:
• State the research question and explain why it is interesting. The interest description should be done related to the class main objective.
• State the hypotheses tested in the research.
• Briefly describe the methods
o Design,
o Participants,
o Materials,
o Procedure,
o What was manipulated [independent variables],
o What was measured [dependent variables],
o How data were analyzed (namely, statistical methods).
• Describe the results. Were they significant?
• Explain the key implications of the results. Avoid overstating the importance of the findings.
• The results, and the interpretation of the results, should relate directly to the hypothesis. In other words, did the results supported the hypothesis or, otherwise, refuted it?
• Print the citation of the article in APA format


Scientific writing Tips

• Eliminate wordiness, including most adverbs ("very", "clearly"). "The results clearly showed that there was no difference between the groups” can be shortened to "There was no significant difference between the groups".
• Use specific, concrete language. Use precise language and cite specific examples to support assertions.
• Avoid vague references (e.g. "this illustrates" should be "this result illustrates").
• Use scientifically accurate language. For example, you cannot "prove" hypotheses (especially with just one study). You "support" or "fail to find support for" them.
• Rely primarily on paraphrasing, not direct quotes. Direct quotes are seldom used in scientific writing. Instead, paraphrase what you have read. To give due credit for information that you paraphrase, cite the author's last name and the year of the study (Smith, 1982).
• Re-read what you have written. Ask others to read it to catch things that you’ve missed.

Modificació del disseny

Modificació de les activitats:
Scenario I. In person: the tutorials
will be carried out in person in enabled classrooms. Communication and
interaction with the students will be in person, and the Moodle fórum and
email will be used in addition. Scenario IV. Confinement: Tutorials will be
virtually conducted. Communication and interaction with the students will
take place virtually, through the forum of Moodle, video-conferencing means
and email.
The teaching activities will be carried out through online platforms
(theoretical activities).

Modificació de l'avaluació:
Scenario I. In person: the tutorials will
be carried out in person in enabled classrooms. Communication and
interaction with the students will be in person, and the Moodle fórum and
email will be used in addition. Scenario IV. Confinement: Tutorials will be
virtually conducted. Communication and interaction with the students will
take place virtually, through the forum of Moodle, video-conferencing means
and email.
The evaluation will be as follows:

Theoretical part: Assessment using the Moodle platform. (the assessment
rules will be the previously established in the subject)

Tutoria i comunicació:
Scenario I. In person: the tutorials will be
carried out in person in enabled classrooms. Communication and interaction
with the students will be in person, and the Moodle fórum and email will be
used in addition. Scenario IV. Confinement: Tutorials will be virtually
conducted. Communication and interaction with the students will take place
virtually, through the forum of Moodle, video-conferencing means and email.
The communication and professor meetings will be carried out through the
platforms enabled by the UdG (google meet, Microsoft teams, Skype ...)

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