Estudia

• Reconèixer els elements essencials de la professió mèdica, que incloguin els principis ètics, les responsabilitats legals i l'exercici professional centrat en el pacient
• Desenvolupar la pràctica professional amb respecte pels altres professionals de la salut, adquirint habilitats de treball en equip
• Comunicar-se de manera efectiva i clara, tant oralment com per escrit, amb els pacients, els familiars, els mitjans de comunicació i altres professionals
• Conèixer, valorar críticament i saber utilitzar les fonts d'informació clínica i biomèdica per a obtenir, organitzar, interpretar i comunicar la informació científica i sanitària
• Saber utilitzar les tecnologies de la informació i la comunicació en les activitats clíniques, terapèutiques, preventives i d'investigació
• Tenir, en l'activitat professional, un punt de vista crític, creatiu, amb escepticisme constructiu i orientat a la recerca
• Garantir el coneixement adequat de la llengua anglesa, tant oral com escrita, tenint en compte les especificitats del registre mèdic per a poder comunicar-se eficaçment a la comunitat internacional científica i professional

1. Understand the anatomical and morphological characteristics of the human skeleton in detail and acquire a foundational understanding of forensic anthropology.

2. Become familiar with the various techniques used to analyze bones for the identification of human remains.

3. Distinguish human from non-human skeletal remains using comparative osteology.

4. Recognize skeletal features related to sexual dimorphism and age-related differences.

5. Learn to apply osteological methods for estimating sex, age, stature, and ancestry through macroscopic analysis of skeletal remains.

6. Integrate osteological data into forensic reports and casework.

7. Critically evaluate the limitations and ethical considerations of osteological analysis.

8. Understand the principles of forensic odontology, including the completion and interpretation of odontograms, and their application in human identification.

9. Develop the ability to estimate age using osteological techniques based on X-ray analysis.

10. Gain knowledge of key human identification techniques such as DNA analysis, fingerprint comparison, and comparative dental analysis, and understand their respective strengths and limitations.

11. Comprehend the biological and environmental processes involved in human decomposition and their implications for forensic recovery and analysis.

12. Understand the structure and functions of the Institute of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences in Catalonia, and the role of the forensic pathologist in resolving forensic anthropology cases.

13. Foster students’ interest and intellectual curiosity in the field.

• Aufderheide, Arthur C (1998). The Cambridge encyclopedia of human paleopathology. Cambrigde: Cambrigde University Press. Catàleg
• Bass, William M (2005). Human osteology : (5th ed.). Springfield, Mo.: Missouri Archaelogical Society. Catàleg
• Brothwell, Don R (1981). Digging up bones (Third Edition). New York: Cornell University Press.
• Brothwell, Don R (1987). Desenterrando huesos :. México, D.F.: Fondo de Cultura Económica. Catàleg
• Burns, Karen Ramey (2007). Forensic anthropology training manual. Edicions Bellaterra. Catàleg
• Burns, Karen Ramey (2008). Manual de antropología forense. Barcelona: Bellaterra. Catàleg
• Delgado Bueno, Santiago (2011-2012). Tratado de medicina legal y ciencias forenses. Barcelona: Bosch. Catàleg
• Gisbert Calabuig, Juan Antonio (2018). Medicina legal y toxicología (7.ª edición). Barcelona: Elsevier. Catàleg
• Mays, Simon (2010). The Archaeology of human bones (Second Edition). London: Routledge. Catàleg
• Ortner, Donald J (2003). Identification of pathological conditions in human skeletal remains (2nd ed.). London: Academic Press. Catàleg
• Ubelaker, Douglas H (2007). Enterramientos humanos :. Donostia: Sociedad de Ciencias Aranzadi. Catàleg
• Scheuer, Louise (2000). Developmental juvenile osteology. San Diego [etc.]: Academic Press. Catàleg
• White, Thomas D. (2012). Human osteology (Third edition). San Diego: Academic Press. Catàleg
• San-Millán M, Rissech C, Turbón D (2017). New approach to age estimation of male and female adult skeletons based on the m. International Journal of Legal Medicine,, . Recuperat , a https://doi.org/10.1007/s00414-016-1406-4
• Bružek J, Santos F, Dutailly B, Murail P, Cunha E (2017). Validation and reliability of the sex estimation of the human os coxae using fre. American Journal of Biological Anthropology,, . Recuperat , a https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.23282
• Bruzek J (2002). A method for visual determination of sex, using the human hip bone. American Journal of Biological Anthropology,, . Recuperat , a https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.10012
• Warrier V, San-Millán M (2025). A statistical evaluation of the sexual dimorphism of the acetabulum in an Iberia. International Journal of Legal Medicine,, . Recuperat , a https://doi.org/10.1007/s00414-024-03334-9
• Phenice TW (1969). A newly developed visual method of sexing the os pubis. American Journal of Biological Anthropology,, . Recuperat , a https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.1330300214
• Brooks S, Suchey JM (1990). Skeletal age determination based on the Os Pubis: a comparison of the AcsádieNem. Human Evolution,,
• Buckberry JL, Chamberlain AT (2002). Age estimation from the auricular surface of the ilium: A revised method. American Journal of Biological Anthropology,, . Recuperat , a https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.10130
• Lovejoy CO, Meindl RS, Pryzbeck TR, Mensforth RP (1985). Chronological metamorphosis of the auricular surface of the ilium: A new method . American Journal of Biological Anthropology,, . Recuperat , a https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.1330680103

Activitats d'avaluació:

The evaluation of this elective will be based on two components:

(1) PBL Tutorial Assessment (40%)
(2) Problem-Based (PB) Exam (60%)

1. PBL Tutorial Assessment.
This will be conducted according to the official rubric of the Faculty of Medicine and will evaluate the following competencies:

* Learning abilities
* Communication skills
* Sense of responsibility
* Interpersonal relationships


2. Problem-Based (PB) Exam.
This exam will assess the following skills:

* Observation
* Description
* Interpretation of osteological remains


The exam consists of two parts:

Part 1 (50%): Presentation of two theoretical cases. The student must choose one and provide a general description, including an inventory, materials, and responses to guiding questions.

Part 2 (50%): Practical exam. Students will rotate through various workstations and answer short questions related to each case.

In the PB Exam, students must achieve a minimum score of 4.0 in each part for the results to be averaged. The final average must be at least 5.0 in order to pass the PB exam.


To pass the module, students must obtain a minimum score of 5.00 in both the PBL tutorial assessment and the PB Exam.

Students who pass the PBL evaluation but fail the PB Exam will have a second opportunity to retake the exam. In this case, the maximum score that can be obtained in the PB Exam will be 5.00 (APT = 5.00). This grade will be averaged with the score obtained in the other previously passed evaluable activities.



VERY IMPORTANT: Si en qualsevol tipus d'activitat acadèmica es detecten actuacions fraudulentes (utilització d'informació sense autorització, utilització d'informació falsa, utilització de dispositius no autoritzats, suplantació de la identitat, plagis totals o parcials, compra i venda de proves, pràctiques i treballs, etc.) l'estudiantat implicat suspendrà automàticament l'assignatura amb independència del procés disciplinari que es pugui seguir contra l’estudiant infractor (article 21 de Normativa reguladora dels processos d’avaluació i qualificació dels estudiants, aprovada en el Consell de Govern en la sessió 11/2019, de 16 de desembre de 2019 (eBOU-1751).

Criteris específics de la nota «No Presentat»:
The mark "No Presentat" applies to students who have not participated in any of the evaluable activities included in the module.

Avaluació única:

Students must answer ten short questions on osteological techniques for the identification of human remains (60%) and complete a practical exam (40%).

To pass the module, students must obtain a minimum score of 5.00 in BOTH the short questions and the practical exam.

According to the resolution of the Governing Committee of the Faculty of Medicine dated September 15, 2020, point 3 of Article 8 states that applications for single assessment must be submitted no later than one week before the end of the module.

Requisits mínims per aprovar:
To pass the module, students must obtain a minimum score of 5.00 in both the PBL tutorial assessment and the PB Exam.

Tutorial sessions with the professor must be requested via email.

Any other questions or concerns can be addressed during the in-person sessions with the teaching staff or via email.

GENDER PERSPECTIVE

The gender perspective will be integrated transversally across learning objectives, teaching methodology, bibliographic sources, and assessment criteria.


DOUBTS AND QUESTIONS

Any questions that may arise during the course can be addressed through the following channels:

1. By scheduling a meeting with the course tutor.
2. During PBL sessions, lectures, and workshops.
3. Through the Moodle platform of this elective module.
4. Via the lecturer’s institutional email.


PBL ACTIVITIES - Faculty of Medicine

* Attendance at PBL sessions is mandatory.
* These activities are subject to evaluation.
* Students are responsible for reviewing and preparing the practice scripts in advance.
* Group changes are not permitted without prior justification and written confirmation from the responsible instructor via email.
* PBL sessions will take place in the Multifunctional Classroom (Aula Multifunció).


LECTURES - Faculty of Medicine

* Attendance at lectures is not mandatory. However, since they cover theoretical content assessed in the exams, participation is highly recommended to ensure proper preparation—especially for the theoretical exam.
* Theoretical information will be available in PDF format in Moodle after the corresponding lecture.
* It is recommended that students take their own notes and bring a methods dossier or textbook.


HANDS-ON LECTURES ("talleres y/o seminarios") - Faculty of Medicine

* Attendance at hands-on lectures is not mandatory. However, as they integrate both theoretical and practical components, participation is highly recommended to ensure adequate preparation for the exams — especially the practical exam.
* Theoretical information will be available in PDF format in Moodle after the corresponding lecture.
* It is recommended that students take their own notes and bring a methods dossier or textbook.
* Group changes are not permitted without prior justification and written confirmation from the responsible instructor via email.


WORKSHOPS ("talleres") - Institute of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences of Catalonia (Girona Division), located at Av. Ramón Folch, 4-6, Girona.

* Attendance at workshops is not mandatory, but recommended to understand the structure and functions of the Institute of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences in Catalonia, and the role of the forensic pathologist in resolving forensic anthropology cases.
* Wearing a white lab coat is mandatory.
* Group changes are not permitted without prior justification and written confirmation from the responsible instructor via email.


FINAL EXAMS

* The final exam will include both written and visual components.
* It may include questions related to any activity carried out during the module.
* The course includes two types of exams designed to assess both theoretical understanding and practical application:

1. Theoretical Exam
This exam is based on the study of a case, which students must choose from two proposed options. They will be required to demonstrate their comprehension of the course content by analyzing the selected case and applying the concepts and methodologies learned throughout the module.

2. Practical Exam
Conducted in the dissection room, this exam consists of several stations where students will answer applied questions using real bones. It is designed to evaluate the students’ ability to identify, analyze, and interpret osteological material in a hands-on setting.

• Anatomia funcional i biomecànica
• El sistema de suport i moviment: L'aparell locomotor
• Introducció a l'estudi de la Medicina. Estudi de l'estructura i funció del cos humà 2
• La continuïtat vital 1. Del naixement a l'edat adulta
• La continuïtat vital 2. Canvis a l'organisme: Envelliment