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Dades generals

Curs acadèmic:
2017
Descripció:
També coneguda com Anatomia del Moviment, l'assignatura de Biomecànica aborda els principis físics de la Mecànica aplicats al sistema múscul-esquelètic i funcional de l'ésser humà. Lleis de la cinètica i cinemàtica per descriure el moviment humà. Biomecànica de les principals articulacions involucrades en la marxa humana. Avenços tecnològics utilitzats per a l'estudi de les habilitats i patrons de la motricitat humana.
Crèdits ECTS:
6

Grups

Grup A

Durada:
Semestral, 1r semestre
Professorat:
Joaquim Lluis Chaler Vilaseca
Idioma de les classes:
Anglès (100%)

Competències

  • Comunicar-se de mode efectiu i clar
  • Tenir la capacitat d'aprenentatge autònom
  • Resoldre problemes
  • Tenir capacitat de gestió d'informació
  • Aprendre a aprendre (aprendre de manera autònoma, actualitzar-se i poder aprofundir en coneixements permanentment)
  • Resoldre problemes complexos de forma efectiva en el camp de la Fisioteràpia.
  • Aplicar pensament crític, lògic i creatiu, mostrant dots d'innovació.
  • Conèixer i comprendre els mètodes, procediments i actuacions fisioterapèutiques, encaminats tant a la terapèutica pròpiament dita a aplicar a la clínica per a la reeducació o recuperació funcional, com a la realització d'activitats dirigides a la promoció i manteniment de la salut
  • Adquirir l'experiència clínica adequada que proporcioni habilitats intel·lectuals i destreses tècniques i manuals; que facilitin la incorporació de valors ètics i professionals; i que desenvolupi la capacitat d'integració dels coneixements adquirits, de manera que, al final dels estudis, els estudiants sàpiguen aplicar-los tant a casos clínics concrets en el medi hospitalari i extrahospitalari, com a actuacions en l'atenció primària i comunitària.
  • Entendre els fonaments, estructures i funcions de les habilitats i patrons de la motricitat humana

Continguts

1. Introduction (2h) (1/2 session) 1.1. Clinical biomechanics and kinesiology. History, basic concepts and philosophy of the subject (1h.). 1.2. Functional evaluation. Reliability, validity and their measurement in clinical practice (1h.).

2. Basic concepts (1 1/2 sessions) 2.1. Static RoM evaluation, goniometry and electrogoniometers. 2.2. Strength evaluation and dynamometry. 2.3. Basics on motion analysis. Kinetics and Kinematics. 2.4. Motion analysis principles. Systems and biomechanical models 2.5. Muscle activation evaluation. Surface EMG principles. Signal processing. 2.6. Balance and proprioception evaluation. Principles of posturography and stabilometry. Force platforms.

3. Single joint/regional biomechanic deficit evaluation (8 sessions) 3.1. Cervical spine 3.1.1. Basic kinematics 3.1.2. Clinical biomechanics 3.1.3. Assessment methods 3.1.4. Case/research article discussion 3.2. Lumbar spine and pelvic girdle 3.2.1. Basic kinematics 3.2.2. Clinical biomechanics 3.2.3. Assessment methods 3.2.4. Case/research article discussion 3.3. Shoulder 3.3.1. Basic kinematics 3.3.2. Clinical biomechanics 3.3.3. Assessment methods 3.3.4. Case/research article discussion 3.4. Elbow, forearm and hand 3.4.1. Basic kinematics 3.4.2. Clinical biomechanics 3.4.3. Assessment methods 3.4.4. Case/research article discussion 3.5. Hip 3.5.1. Basic kinematics 3.5.2. Clinical biomechanics 3.5.3. Assessment methods 3.5.4. Case/research article discussion 3.6. Knee 3.6.1. Basic kinematics 3.6.2. Clinical biomechanics 3.6.3. Assessment methods 3.6.4. Case/research article discussion 3.7. Ankle and foot 3.7.1. Basic kinematics 3.7.2. Clinical biomechanics 3.7.3. Assessment methods 3.7.4. Case/research article discussion

4. General functional/multilevel disturbance/performance evaluation (3 sessions) 4.1. Gait disturbances 4.1.1. Basic kinematics 4.1.2. Clinical biomechanics 4.1.3. Assessment methods 4.1.4. Case/research article discussion 4.2. Balance and proprioception disturbances 4.2.1. Basic kinematics 4.2.2. Clinical biomechanics 4.2.3. Assessment methods 4.2.4. Case/research article discussion 4.3. Sports/work activities performance (jumping, cutting, throwing, pulling, pushing, lifting) 4.3.1. Basic kinematics 4.3.2. Clinical biomechanics 4.3.3. Assessment methods 4.3.4. Case/research article discussion

5. Practical sessions (1 session) General biomechanics lab (Egarsat, Terrassa). Anna Maiques and Eduard Pujol. Dynamometry Stabilometry 3D movement analysis Surface EMG

Activitats

Tipus d’activitat Hores amb professor Hores sense professor Total
Elaboració individual de treballs 4,00 20,00 24,00
Prova d'avaluació 10,00 50,00 60,00
Sessió expositiva 58,00 0 58,00
Sessió pràctica 8,00 0 8,00
Total 80,00 70,00 150

Bibliografia

  • Janice Loudon, Robert Manske, Michael Reiman (2013). Clinical Mechanics and Kinesiology. Human Kinetics.
  • David J. Magee, James E. Zachazewski, William S. Quillen, Robert C. Manske (2016). Pathology and Intervention in Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation (2nd edition). Elsevier.
  • William E. Prentice (2010). Rehabilitation Techniques in Sports Medicine 5th edition. McGraw-Hill Higher Education.
  • James R. Gage, Michael H. Schwartz, Steven E. Koop, Tom F. Novacheck (2009). The Identification and Treatment of Gait Problems in Cerebral Palsy (2nd ed). Mac Keith Press.

Avaluació i qualificació

Activitats d'avaluació:

Descripció de l'activitat Avaluació de l'activitat %
Partial exams or Final exam At the end of each section (introduction basic principles, single joint/regional biomechanics and general multilevel performance) an exam will be programmed. Last exam will only include last section for those students passing the two previous ones with an average grade 70% or higher. Students with partial exams average grade lower than 70% will have an exam of the full subject. 70
Practical session case /research presentation Students will be randomly assigned to groups. The groups will be responsible for discussing clinical cases at the end of every specific area teaching sessions (i.e. cervical spine…) by searching three research articles (preferably in the past 5 years) in each of the following areas: normal biomechanics/kinesiology, abnormal biomechanics/kinesiology, evaluation methods. These articles must be selected from Medline/ Thomson Reuters Journal Citation Reports indexed journals and specifically relate to muscle performance, kinesiology, or biomechanics and assessment of that area. A one-page typed synopsis of the article on each section will be due by each group at the end of the respective teaching segments 20
Practical session:
Attendance / participation /attitude
Constructive/active participation in the practical class.
Deliver completed occasional quizzes/questions at the end of the practical session.
No more than 3 unexcused absences of practical sessions.
10

Qualificació

Grading scale:
(it follows University guidelines)
grade<50%, or <5 implies not passing the subject.
Rounding up does not apply.

Case/research presentation grading specific criteria:
Content 50%.
Adjusting the time given (20’ for speech) 25%.
Adjusting to the written style described at Article Synopsis Writing Guideline below 25%.

Observacions

Attendance policy
Attendance will be solely controlled in the practical sessions (including those performed at the biomechanics lab in Egarsat). No more than 3 unexcused absences will be accepted during the semester.

Cell phone policy
Cell phone use during class can be disruptive. All students will be asked to put cell phones on vibrate mode or turn them off during class times. Cell phones should be placed in your purse or backpack. Each incident in which a cell phone rings aloud or is otherwise disruptive to class will result in a 1% grade penalty.

Notice
The student is responsible for reading this syllabus. If the requirements for this course are not understood, the student must notify the instructor in writing within 1 week after receipt of this syllabus.


Annex. Article Synopsis Writing Guideline

Use the same order as in the article itself.
Adjust the length accordingly to fit in a single page (DIN A4, double space, 12-point Font) and main purpose / message of the summary. The following sections should be included:
• State the research question and explain why it is interesting. The interest description should be done related to the class main objective.
• State the hypotheses tested in the research.
• Briefly describe the methods
o Design,
o Participants,
o Materials,
o Procedure,
o What was manipulated [independent variables],
o What was measured [dependent variables],
o How data were analyzed (namely, statistical methods).
• Describe the results. Were they significant?
• Explain the key implications of the results. Avoid overstating the importance of the findings.
• The results, and the interpretation of the results, should relate directly to the hypothesis. In other words, did the results supported the hypothesis or, otherwise, refuted it?
• Print the citation of the article in APA format


Scientific writing Tips

• Eliminate wordiness, including most adverbs ("very", "clearly"). "The results clearly showed that there was no difference between the groups” can be shortened to "There was no significant difference between the groups".
• Use specific, concrete language. Use precise language and cite specific examples to support assertions.
• Avoid vague references (e.g. "this illustrates" should be "this result illustrates").
• Use scientifically accurate language. For example, you cannot "prove" hypotheses (especially with just one study). You "support" or "fail to find support for" them.
• Rely primarily on paraphrasing, not direct quotes. Direct quotes are seldom used in scientific writing. Instead, paraphrase what you have read. To give due credit for information that you paraphrase, cite the author's last name and the year of the study (Smith, 1982).
• Re-read what you have written. Ask others to read it to catch things that you’ve missed.

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